The stable method of motor starting usually adopts the soft start method. Soft start means that the current and voltage of the motor are slowly increased to the rated value through the controller, so as to avoid the impact force generated when the motor starts. The main characteristics of soft start are long start time, small starting current and low starting voltage. Soft start can effectively protect the motor and control system, reduce the failure rate and extend the life of the motor.

There are two ways of soft start: voltage reduction start and current limit start.

1. Voltage reduction start

Voltage reduction start is to reduce the voltage of the motor through the controller, thereby reducing the impact force at start-up. Voltage reduction start can not only protect the motor and control system, but also save energy. Voltage reduction start can be divided into two ways: direct voltage reduction start and autotransformer voltage reduction start.

Direct voltage reduction start: directly reduce the voltage of the motor to a certain percentage of the rated voltage. The advantage of direct voltage reduction start is that it is simple and easy to operate, and the disadvantage is that the impact force of the motor is large when starting.

Autotransformer voltage reduction start: reduce the voltage to a certain percentage of the rated voltage through the autotransformer. The advantage of autotransformer voltage reduction start is that the impact force at start-up is small, and the disadvantage is that the cost is high.

2. Current limit start

Current limit start is to limit the starting current of the motor through the controller. Current limit start can be divided into two ways: reducing the motor current and limiting the motor current.

Reducing the motor current: Reducing the motor current is to reduce the voltage and current of the motor at the same time through the controller. The advantage of reducing the motor current is that it is simple and easy to do. The disadvantage is that reducing the motor current may cause the motor to start too long, affecting production efficiency.

Limiting the motor current: Limiting the motor current is to limit the motor current during the starting process through the controller. The advantage of limiting the motor current is that it can reduce the starting impact of the motor. The disadvantage is that the motor current needs to be precisely controlled, which is costly.

2. Motor voltage stabilization start method

The motor voltage stabilization start method is to keep the motor voltage stable through the controller. There are two motor voltage stabilization start methods: autotransformer voltage stabilization start and inverter voltage stabilization start.

1. Autotransformer voltage stabilization start

Autotransformer voltage stabilization start is to stabilize the voltage below the rated voltage through the autotransformer. The advantage of autotransformer voltage stabilization start is low cost, and the disadvantage is that the impact force is large during starting.

2. Inverter voltage stabilization start

Inverter voltage stabilization start is to stabilize the voltage below the rated voltage through the inverter. The advantages of inverter voltage stabilization start are small impact force at start-up and high cost.

In motor control, the stable method of motor start-up and the motor voltage stabilization start-up mode are two very important aspects. The stable method of motor start-up usually adopts the soft start method, and the current and voltage of the motor are slowly increased to the rated value through the controller to avoid the impact force generated when the motor starts. The motor voltage stabilization start-up method can ensure that the voltage fluctuation of the motor during the start-up process will not cause damage to the motor itself. Autotransformer voltage stabilization start-up and inverter voltage stabilization start-up are the two commonly used motor voltage stabilization start-up methods. By adopting the appropriate motor start-up stable method and motor voltage stabilization start-up method, the motor and control system can be effectively protected, the motor life can be extended, and the production efficiency can be improved.

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